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Under natural conditions, a huge number of both edible and poisonous species of mushrooms grows, of which about eighty species are found in Ukraine. Major poisoning and intestinal disorders can cause inedible and poisonous or potentially dangerous fungi, which are among the twenty most common species. The season of this year has become one of the most mushroom, and the collection of fruiting bodies in the Ukrainian weather allows us to carry out until the last autumn days.
The earliest spring mushrooms appear in Ukraine in March. To know which mushrooms should be harvested in the spring, and which edible species grow on the territory of Ukraine, you need to familiarize yourself with their name and description in the mushroom encyclopedia.
It should be noted, that the main group of edible varieties appears in the forest immediately after the snow melts and the soil warms upbut mass collection is carried out in May.
| Title | Hat | Leg | Pulp |
| Thyroid plateau or peanut | Funnel or irregular, brownish staining with wide and rare plates | Brownish-gray or pink-brown staining | Thick, white, with a pleasant smell |
| Oyster mushroom | Open type, white to brownish | Short, slightly bent, attached to wood | Different shades of gray or dark coloration, with a specific aroma |
| Meadow mushrooms | Thin lamellar mushrooms with a light chestnut or tawny hat | Thin, medium height, single dyeing with a hat | Whitish color, has a pleasant mushroom smell, without much taste |
| Golovach raincoat | Pear-shaped fruit body, covered with white and smooth skin, easily detachable when pressed | Only young fruiting bodies with elastic and snow-white flesh are suitable for food. | |
| Prickly raincoat | The fruit body has a pear shape, a height of not more than 10 cm, with a characteristic scaly surface | ||
| Champignon or pechernika | White or slightly brownish coloring, convex hat with a smooth or finely scaly surface | Cylindrical, relatively dense and thick, slightly thinner with age | White staining, pinkish on the cut, has a fairly pronounced pleasant aroma |
| Headman | Hat of young edible specimens in shape and size similar to an egg, with a white, gray or orangeish color, smooth or scaly surface | Relatively tall and thin, whitish-orange in color, hollow type | The youngest specimens with pulp having a pronounced mushroom aroma are suitable for food. |
In the spring, such cap mushrooms such as brown boletus, butterflies and redheads are very few, and their massive fruiting period occurs more often in the first decade of summer.
Along with edible species, in forest and park areas, along roads, as well as in meadows and forest edges, in the spring, the first inedible and poisonous mushrooms appear.
| Title | Distribution in Ukraine | Features and salient differences |
| Death cap | Almost everywhere | The presence at the base of the peduncle of a characteristic ovoid expansion, from which the fruit body of a pale toadstool grows |
| Fly agaric | Amanita muscaria red, green, smelly, panther and white are widespread in the Zhytomyr, Chernihiv and Kiev regions | Very easily, some varieties can be confused with edible species of russula and champignon |
| Satanic mushroom | It is especially common in the forest-steppe zone and in Polesie | The coloring of a smooth and velvety hat can range from whitish or dirty gray to pale olive. The flesh on the cut may turn blue or blush |
| Entoloma poisonous | This species is most widely distributed throughout the Carpathian region | Edible species resembling this poisonous mushroom are virtually absent. |
| Fiberglass | Several species grow on the territory of Ukraine, but brown fiber has become widespread | The presence of an unpleasant odor, as well as white flesh, which does not change the color on the cut, is characteristic |
| Cone-shaped cheat | Widespread in the Carpathian region, as well as in the territory of Polesie and in the forest-steppe zones | Has some external resemblance to a real honey agaric |
| Thin pig | Almost everywhere | It resembles an edible variety - a fat pig |
The richest place for mushrooms is rightly considered the territory of Western Ukraine. In the Carpathians, a common fungus, massively growing in beech forests. In the conifers, chanterelles grow in large numbers. Especially popular among lovers of quiet hunting are the Beskydy mountain ranges.
Most of the east of Ukraine is represented by steppes, but here on the border with Donetsk, Kharkov and Lugansk regions, you can find a large number of edible mushrooms in early spring. Mushroom pickers visit the Dnipropetrovsk and Poltava region not too often, but you can harvest a good crop near the settlements of "Guards" and "Orlik". It is here that a large number of edible mushrooms grow, represented by honey mushrooms, oils, chanterelles and porcini mushrooms.
From early spring in Polesie you can pick the very first mushrooms, which are quickly replaced by a whole wave of butter, russula, honey agarics, chanterelles and porcini mushrooms. Mushroom pickers are also visiting the northern forests, configured to collect mushrooms and mushrooms. The safest from an environmental point of view is the territory of the western part of Polesie. Lovers of butter can be recommended to visit the forest zones of the south of Ukraine, Kherson, Mykolayiv, and Odessa regions, and in the Crimean mountains every year they collect brown boletus, red-headed and oak.
The most popular mushroom places among connoisseurs of "silent" hunting:
Good surroundings for quiet hunting are also located in the vicinity of the villages of Oriv, Oryavchik, Tukhlya and Grebennoe, while in Ivano-Frankivsk region Mikulichin and Yablunitsa can be recommended. It is believed that most spring mushrooms in Lviv can be harvested near the villages of "Dubina", "Skhidnitsa" and "Slavske", as well as in the village of "Likhobora" near Mount Pikui. And the first porcini mushrooms should be harvested near the Vines farm, in the villages of Markov and Krinitsa of the Monastyrsky District, and Stozhok or Ilovitsa in the Shumsky District.
Compliance with the basic rules and recommendations of the "silent hunt" allows you to not only enrich your diet with tasty and healthy mushrooms, but also insures against the use of dangerous species for life and health:
In recent years, more and more often in Ukraine, popular and not too complicated, from the point of view of cultivation technology, artificial cultivation of various types of edible mushrooms has been carried out, which makes it possible to obtain not only tasty and healthy, but also absolutely environmentally friendly mushroom products.
