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Digitalis, or digitalis (Digitalis), translated from Latin means “thimble” or “finger”. The plant was first described in the mid-16th century by the botanist Fuchs, to whom it owes its name. Many years of digitalis are grown from seeds in many European countries, and in Russia even in Western Siberia.
Why is this flower good, whose eloquent folk names (fox glove, dead man's bells, bloody fingers, etc.) come from many ancient legends and fairy tales?
Digitalis genus consists of more than 3 dozen species. He loves clearings and edges in the forest, meadows and bushes, grows in coastal lowlands, along roads and on stony hillocks.
These are grassy or shrubby thickets with slender and stiff stems from a half meter to a half in height. The leaves are large, bright green, oval. They have many glycosides that are used by traditional and traditional medicine.
The flowers are like a bell, spike, crowning a long stalk. Their shades and colors have the widest palette: purple, yellow, snow-white, lilac, etc. Their spotting is distinguished, and the color of the spots and large dots contrasts with the main color. Flowers delight the entire summer season. The abundance of pollen in inflorescences is designed for easy pollination by insects.
According to legend, spots on flowers are warnings from forest elves that these flowers are dangerous. They are really poisonous, so you can’t grow these charming bells in places where children walk. Many of them are medicinal plants, and they are all very decorative.
A fruit box with small seeds that lasts up to 3 years. In one box there can be up to 10 thousand.
Depending on the height of the stem, all species are divided into 3 groups:
Many species of this beautiful plant are known:
Digitalis purpurea is cultivated in our conditions as a highly growing biennial plant. The stem is straight, very pubescent. At the roots, the leaves are collected in a rosette, and on the stem they sit on long stalks, large, oval in shape. They are velvety above, and pubescent below.
Flowers are white, pink, cream or purple, they are also pubescent, inside painted in darker colors, large (up to 5 cm), collected in the form of long, lush brushes. Bluebell flowers appear from June to September for the second year after sowing.
There are several dozen giibridov. Moreover, the selection of this plant is constantly ongoing. Among them are popular varieties:
A common and simplest method of reproduction of digitalis perennial is the cultivation of plants from seeds.
This process takes place in the following sequence:
Digitalis seeds for sowing are collected a month after flowering. Then the seed capsule becomes yellow-brown. They are carefully torn off and dried in the sun. Unboxed boxes are opened on time, and seeds are sown in a natural way. In such cases, the most hardy plants grow.
For digitalis, preferably an open, sunny place away from trees and water. She does not like waterlogged soil.
Before sowing seeds, prepare beds for them. The earth is loosened, fertilized with nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus (humus and lime). The distance between the beds is 40 cm.
It is not difficult to grow digitalis, this plant is unpretentious. Care for it consists of regular watering with loosening the soil to avoid stagnation of water, weeding.
It is advisable to feed a flower 1-2 times during watering with universal ready-made complex fertilizers for flowers. But their overfeeding can lead to increased leaf growth to the detriment of flowers.
If the roots of the plant are bare by the end of summer, then they should be covered with a nutritious soil mixture or compost.
Digitalis is sometimes susceptible to fungal infections.: gray rot, powdery mildew, or leaf spot. Their main reason is improper care. Processing flower plants with special products from flower shops saves from these troubles.
Occasionally, aphid attacks a bell. In the fight against parasites, the drug "Spark" helps with which the plant is sprayed. Before this, dissolve the tablet of the product in a bucket of water.
The purpose of the perennial in garden design depends on its size. Tall plants with large flowers are planted in mixboards and flower beds. These include the variety "Muse" with long light pink, lilac, yellow tassels and grade "Pearl" - a white and cream garden beauty. In the flowerbeds, they look spectacular in the center, framed by lower cultures.
Medium-sized specimens ("Carousel") - the best decoration of the walls and cover fences. Dwarf flowers are suitable for planting along borders, paths, rabatok.
Blooming pelargoniums, roses, rhododendrons, and honeysuckles can be good neighbors for them. In shaded and shady places it is better to plant them next to hosts, primulas, geraniums, peonies, valerian and others.
At home, digitalis can be grown in pots. In this case, it germinates in early spring. To do this, at the end of summer, plants are placed in a room with a temperature of no higher than 12 degrees. Next year, flowering will begin in April.
Dwarf bells can be grown on balconies. Ready-made seedlings grown on the windowsill since March are planted in containers.
Germination of seeds occurs in small containers covered with film or glass. Heat and additional lighting are highly desirable. The first 2 weeks, the soil needs to be moistened and aired. The grown bushes are planted in large containers on the balcony in warm soil. Usually do this in late spring.
Digitalis, a medicinal Mediterranean plant known since antiquity, is widespread in our forests, meadows and gardens. Due to its exceptional decorativeness, variety of varieties and an abundance of colors and shades, brushes of charming high bells will decorate any garden. Growing this perennial is easy and affordable even for inexperienced gardeners.
